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Emotional
Computers
Computer
models of emotions
and their meaning
for emotion-psychological research
by
Gerd Ruebenstrunk
November 1998
Content
1. Introduction
2. Artificial feelings
3. Strange brains
4. Theoretical foundations
4.1. The theory of Ortony,
Clore and Collins
4.2. The theory of Roseman
4.3. The theory of Scherer
4.4. The theory of Frijda
4.5. The theory of Oatley &
Johnson-Laird
5. Electronic assistants
5.1. The models of Dyer
5.1.1. BORIS
5.1.2. OpEd
5.1.3. DAYDREAMER
5.2. The model of Pfeifer
5.3. The model of Bates and
Reilly
5.4. The model of Elliott
5.4.1. Construction of
the agents
5.4.2. Generating emotions
5.4.3. Generating actions
5.4.4. Interpreting the
emotions of other agents
5.4.5. Further development
of the model
5.5. The model of Scherer
5.6. The model of Frijda and
Swagerman
5.7. The model of Moffat and
Frijda
5.7.1. Criticism of ACRES
5.7.2. Requirements for
an emotional system
5.7.3. Implementation in
WILL
5.8. Other models
5.8.1. The model of Colby
5.8.2. The model of Reeves
5.8.3. The model of Rollenhagen
and Dagkvist
5.8.4. The model of O'Rorke
5.8.5. The model of Araujo
5.9. Conclusions
6. Visions of the pioneer
7. Encounters on Taros
7.1. What is a Fungus Eater?
7.2. Emotional Fungus Eaters
7.2.1. The "biological
urges"
7.2.2. The "emergency
urges"
7.2.3. The "social
urges"
7.2.4. The "cognitive
urges"
7.3. Evaluation of Toda's model
8. Development and implementation
of Toda's model
8.1. The modification of Toda's
urges byAubé
8.2. The partial implementation
of Toda's theory by Wehrle
8.3. Pfeifer's "Fungus
Eater principle"
8.4. The approach of Dörner
et al.
8.5.
Conclusion
9. The philosopher from Birmingham
9.1. Approaches to the construction
of intelligent systems
9.2. The fundamental architecture
of an intelligent system
9.2.1. The layers
9.2.2. The control states
9.2.3. Motivators and filters
9.2.4. The global alarm
system
9.3. Emotions
9.4. Implementation of the
theory in MINDER1
9.4.1. The reactive sub-system
9.4.2. The deliberative
sub-system
9.4.3. The meta-management
sub-system
9.5.
Conclusion
10. The libidinal economy of the
computer
10.1. Criticism of interrupt
theories of emotions
10.1.1. The control
precedence problem
10.1.2. The emotional
learning problem
10.1.3. The hedonic
tone problem
10.2. Valence
10.3. Learning in adaptive
agent systems
10.3.1. Q-Learning
10.3.2. The classification
system of Holland
10.3.3. XCS
10.3.4. Dyna
10.3.5. The concept of
"value"
10.4. Wright's currency
flow hypothesis
10.5. The details of the
CLE system
10.5.1. The libidinal
selective system
10.5.2. The conative
universal equivalent (CUE)
10.5.3. Credit
assignment
10.5.4. The value circulation
theory
10.6. A practical example
of CLE
10.7. CLE and the problems
of interrupt theories
10.7.1. CLE and the
hedonic tone problem
10.7.2. CLE and the
emotional learning problem
10.7.3. CLE and the
valenced perturbant states problem
10.7.4. CLE and the
control precedence problem
10.8. Conclusion
11. A new paradigm?
11.1. The models of Velásquez
11.1.1. Cathexis
11.1.2. Yuppy
11.2. The model of Foliot and Michel
11.3. The model of Gadanho and Hallam
11.4. The model of Staller and Petta
11.5. The model of Botelho and Coelho
11.6. The model of Canamero
11.7. Conclusion
12.
Meaning for emotion-psychological research
Literature
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